What the research Of large drugs sets: check to Corona
Tens of thousands of people around the world are currently fighting against the Sars-CoV-2 induced disease Covid-19, many have succumbed to its consequences. Researchers are working to find drugs, the Affected support. Here you can read the current state of things.
More than 1.5 million people worldwide have been infected with the new Coronavirus Sars-CoV-2, with a minimum of $ 335,000 and the body was able to fight the Virus. Thus, the opinion of many experts, are these people against the Virus immune. At least for a few years of Sars-CoV-2 can’t do anything to you anymore.
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But hundreds of thousands of people around the world fight according to the "worldometers.info" currently still in it, nearly 50,000 of them against a severe to critical history. You and all of the consequences are, put your hopes on the development of effective drugs – but they are on the market will take some time. Experts currently assume about a year, until there is specially for Covid-19 drugs developed.
From the old to the new: Doctors fight Covid-19 with Malaria, HIV and Ebola active compounds
Some of the hopes are also on tried and tested methods and drugs that are already approved for other viruses and diseases and in the fight against Covid-19 promises of success. The Federal Ministry of health has designated five active compounds, which may give Doctors patients with a severe course of the disease already:
1. Favipiravir
Favipiravir, also Favilavir, is already approved for use in pandemic Influenza, so influenza viruses. It is effective against a wide range of viral pathogens including strains that are resistant to available influenza drugs resistant. It was already against the Ebola fever to use. Unproblematic, these so-called anti-virals are not: but are "Viruses change and resistant werden" can;, Melanie Brinkmann, Virologist at the Braunschweig-based Helmholtz center for infection research (HZI) says. Similar to antibiotics, it could are also used in antiviral resistance.
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2. Camostat
Scientists from the German Primate center – Leibniz Institute for Primate research in Göttingen and the Charité in Berlin have identified an enzyme that allows the Virus entry into lung cells. In Japan drug that is approved for Camostat Mesilate, previously, in the case of inflammation of the pancreas used, inhibits this Protease and could be a treatment option. Here, too, there should be clinical trials.
3. Lopinavir/Ritonavir
A few weeks ago was treated in Thailand, a patient with a combination of flu – and HIV-AIDS. The woman got out of the Doctors for the flu drug Oseltamivir and the two HIV-active substances, Lopinavir and Ritonavir. 48 hours after the treatment, the Virus in the patient’s undetectable, it said.
Around the world, scientists put hopes on HIV drug combination of Ritonavir/Lopinavir (sold as the Medikament"Kaletra"). According to Clemens Wendtner, chief physician of the clinic for infectious diseases in Munich, clinic Schwabing, had died down, the enthusiasm for the HIV drug, in the meantime, but: "We had the subjective impression that we are individual patients in order to help konnten", he said by the end of March. "Unfortunately, it has been shown in a study with nearly 200 patients but no significant Benefit." This highlights the importance of studies.
4. Hydroxychloroquine
Another highly sought after ingredient in the fight against Sars-CoV-2 the malaria drug hydroxychloroquine is. The active ingredient is not directly on the Virus but interfere in cellular processes, which are essential for the Virus in their existence, that explains the Braunschweiger Virologist Melanie Brinkmann. It was recently approved in Germany, a clinical study to investigate the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine against Covid-19.
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5. Chloroquine
Also chloroquine was developed against Malaria, but also against many viruses. It is one of the active substances according to Peter Kremsner, Director of the tübingen Institute for tropical medicine, Covid-19-patients in China and Italy were treated. It was unclear, however, whether or not with success, since the Diseased chloroquine had a part in very high dose and together with many other drugs.
"At the Moment it is used, how it is in the case of epidemics and pandemics often the case, wild-West style, everything is Possible, where you can see any glimmer of hope. In Tübingen, we strive to make nothing of it, because you also very much harm kann", Kremsner said to the SWR. The tübingen specialist in tropical medicine, working closely with the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut and the Federal Institute for drugs and medicines.
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Most drugs do not survive clinical trials
There are more than 90 percent of all new drugs developed by fall, writes the Süddeutsche Zeitung. Because a lot of what looked like in the model is theoretically convincing, in the cell culture work and also effective in laboratory animals had been lead to the people often to unexpected side effects and complications. At the end of the damage could be much greater than the Benefits.
Anti-body donations with the help of blood plasma
Who has made a disease by forming antibodies against pathogens and in the future is immune – at least for a certain period of time. The defence forces of other now to help seriously ill Covid-19-patients in Germany.
Several clinics in Germany are currently looking for convalescent of Corona patients, the blood plasma for the treatment of seriously ill donations. Including the Hannover Medical school and the University hospital of Münster, in addition to the University hospital Erlangen. "The alleviates and shortens the Krankheitsverlauf", the head of transfusion medicine at the University hospital of Erlangen, Holger Hackstein said. The experience of China showed.
The Paul-Ehrlich-Institut in the Hessian Langen pointed out, however, that further clinical studies on the efficacy of the blood plasma therapy are essential. In China, researchers have investigated the effect of the recent ten Covid-19-Sick. The results have been published in the Online edition of the journal "Proceedings" the US Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Thereafter, the condition of the patients improved within three days after the Transfusion. The results showed that the blood plasma therapy, a great treatment potential for Covid-19-‘m going to have patients and was well tolerated, the authors wrote. Since antibodies are in contrast to conventional medications, the body’s own substances, should be in the rule and the side effects are low.
TU Braunschweig makes antibodies in a test tube
At the Technical University of Braunschweig (TU) can be obtained, human antibodies against Sars-CoV-2 meanwhile, in a test tube. In contrast to preparations from the blood gesundeter patients is difficult, this could be an inexhaustible source, emphasizing the Braunschweiger Virologist Brinkmann. Also, these antibodies should be tested as to their effectiveness.
"Neutralizing antibodies are, for me, currently on erfolgversprechendsten", Brinkmann says. Such antibodies can be prepared, in the meantime, biotechnology in the laboratory. The use of laboratory-produced monoclonal antibodies in about three months.
Risk always consider: beware of unexpected side effects
All of the above drugs and methods are currently being experimentally at Covid-19 applied. It is not yet clear evidence of how large your Advantage actually is. Prior to their use should, therefore, be always an individual Benefit-Risk assessment. 
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